The role of the cognitive reserve in the aging process

Authors  
Alba Carrasco Calzada; Mª Nieves Barahona Esteban; Antonio Sánchez Cabaco; Luz María Sánchez Mateos

Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1271
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1271

Abstract
The goal of the study has been to demonstrate the utility of cognitive reserve in the process of healthy and pathological aging. In addition to checking the different complementary theoretical models (active-passive), are also defined the concepts of Memory Reserve, Cerebral Reserve and Cognitive reserve.The variables that take an important part in the configuration of the cognitive reserve like premorbid intelligence, education, cognitive activity, hobbies, and work out have been analyzed, too. Finally, we present the specific questionnaires most used for the measurement of the cognitive reserve.

 

Keywords
Cognitive Reserve, Aging, Cerebral Reserve, MCI, Dementia

Groups of exposure on decreasing of conditioned abstinence syndrome in alcohol dependants

Author
Favio Roca Paucarpoma

Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1269
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1269

Abstract
The effect of the live and symbolic exposure technique was studied in 3 groups: 2 experimental (10 subjects in each group) and one control group (10 subjects), with continuous measurements on the physiological and emotional responses of conditioned abstinence syndrome of alcohol dependents.The research design is experimental randomized blocks, with an initial test and respective post test.The procedure for the application of the exposure technique was in two phases: preparation and exposure.The application of the technique managed to decrease the physiological responses and the emotional response (anxiety to consume) of the conditioned abstinence syndrome in the measurement sequences (1, 2 and 3) of each trial and changes in intergroups if they showed highly significant differences (p<0.05) after the presentation of the stimuli.

Keywords
Alcohol dependents, conditioned abstinence syndrome, live exposure and symbolic exposure

Impact of constructive strategy in space intelligence engineering student at the San Pedro University

Authors 
Julio E. Urrunaga Ramírez; José S. Esqueche Moreno


Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1268
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1268

Abstract
According to experts in the training of engineers, the main strengths of engineering professionals is spatial intelligence that helps you understand and manage the physical forms of their environment. The purpose of this research is to determine the best teaching strategies that develop spatial intelligence. Graphic Engineering courses career of Industrial Engineering, University San Pedro, were designed using both instruments and paper, as computer support and solid materials that could be engineered for two-and three-dimensional representation. The research has yielded such results that the strategy applied rises by 24% the rate of spatial intelligence of students tested, which is a significant risk factor increase this capacity, especially considering that the course taught each of them has lasted for only four months. Despite these encouraging results, we believe that subsequently can be performed similar research that considers other factors and assessment methods are perfected, all of which we detail our findings and recommendations.

Keywords
Educational strategy, constructivism, graphic engineering

Psychometric properties of the Body Image Dissatisfaction Questionnaire in university students

Author
Ana Cecilia Hueda Capristán

Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1267
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1267

Abstract
Psychometric properties were determined in the Questionnaire of Dissatisfaction with Body Image (IMAGEN) in students of the National University of Trujillo. The non-random probability sample (n =576) of a population (N = 1272), with a Psychometric design.The results showed that IMAGEN had a valid item-scale construct validity, with very significant correlation indices (p <.01) with its components and with the test, good levels of discrimination that fluctuated (.465-.843). Factor analysis ratified the cognitive behavioral structure, indexes that vary between .915 and .931. Congruent validity reflected a very strong global correlation (r = .899) with BSQ as well as with factor 1 of the aesthetic models questionnaire (r = .823). The reliability by internal consistency is high (α= .953). Stability established a high significance (p <.01) of the test.


Keywords
Psychometric properties, body image dissatisfaction, validity and reliability.

Psychometric properties of the Psychological Maturity Questionnaire (PSYMAS) in youth leaders

Author
Velia Vera Calmet

Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1266
URL:http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1266

Abstract

The Psychometric properties of the Psychological maturity questionnaire PSYMAS) and its descriptive analysis were determined. The design was technological-psychometric. The probabilistic sample at random (n=514) and stratified of a population (N = 2835) Youth Leaders. For the congruent validity (n  126), reliability test re test (n = 100) and descriptive analysis (n = 285). For the content validity, the stratigraphy was the Vindex of Aiken, for the construct validity he item -test stratigraphy and factorial analysis, congruent validity with Spearman stratigraphy. Reliability for stability the test-rates coefficient and for internal consistency the Cronbach’s alpha. The results show clearly that SYMAS has content validity established by judge’s criteria possessing relevance, clarity and coherence of the theoretical construct. Validity of the Item-scale construct rectified. Correlation indexes that are very meaningful (p <.01) with the global test, very good levels of discrimination that range between 361and 748.The factorial analysis ratifies the structure proposed by the authors, he adjustment goodness-of-fit responds to the model indexes being very good at work and identity orientation scales and good at Autonomy dimension.

Keywords

Psychometric pgetroperties, psychological maturity, trustworthiness, validity, normative scales and profile.

Psychometric properties of the Psychological Well-Being Scale in pre-professional practitioners of a private university- Trujillo

Author
Cruz Akemy Chang Pardo Figueroa

Source
Revista de Psicologia. Vol. 19 No. 1 (2016): Enero-Julio

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/revpsi.v1i19.1265
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/R_PSI/article/view/1265

Abstract
The psychometric properties of the Scale of Psychological Well-Being (EBP) were determined. The design was technological-psychometric. In a census-type sample (n=200( of pre-professional at a private university college of Trujillo practitioners. The results reveal items agreed upon by judges to the linguistic, construct validity corrected item-test correlations with very good levels of discrimination (.227 and .675), confirmatory factor analysis establishes good consistency with the overall structure, showing kindness very good fit (.912). Internal consistency is high (.943); a respectable on scales very good reliability (full scale0 and the percentile scales were also developed, with levels and cutoffs.


Keywords
Psychological well-being, construct validity, reliability, scales

SYSTEMATIZED EDUCATION ON MULTIMICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN

Author
Jessica Gianella Cabrera Nieto

Source
Cientifi-k. Vol 6 No 2 (2018): Julio-Diciembre

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18050/cientifi-k.v6i2.1833
URL: http://revistas.ucv.edu.pe/index.php/CIENTIFI-K/article/view/1833

Abstract
This research was conducted at Hospital El Esfuerzo. The goal was to determine the effect of systematized education on adherence to micronutrient supplementation (SMMN) and the nutritional status of children <3 years old. The sample was made up of 50 mothers and 50 children. The survey technique was used and as instruments a questionnaire and a monitoring card applied in the pre-test and post-test. For the statistical analysis, the Student's T-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. The pre-test results indicate that 74% of those mothers had inadequate adherence regarding the SMMN, and only 26% of them presented adequate adherence. However, in the post-test, 78% of them had adequate adherence, while 22% remained at inadequate adherence. Regarding nutritional status, in the pre-evaluation 60% of children were diagnosed with normal nutrition and 18% with malnutrition. However, in the post-evaluation 80% of children presented normal nutrition and 10% malnutrition. In the pre-evaluation 44% of children presented Hb within the normal range, 30% mild anemia, 20% moderate anemia, and 6% presented severe anemia. Nonetheless, in the post evaluation 72% had normal Hb, 14% moderate anemia, 10% mild anemia, and 4% severe anemia. It is concluded that the systematized education proved to be effective on the adherence of the mothers' SMMN and the nutritional status of the children. This was demonstrated through the Student's T-test, which had a significance of p= 0.000 < 0.05 in the Adherence variable, and the Nutritional Status variable (anthropometry and biochemistry), which had a significance of p= 0.000 < 0.05.

Keywords

Education, Adherence, Micronutrients, Nutritional Status